diff --git a/top.1 b/top.1 index aeee3c93..1f998ccb 100644 --- a/top.1 +++ b/top.1 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ .ds EM \ \fB\-\-\ \fR \# - these two are for chuckles, makes great grammar .ds Me top -.ds ME \fBtop\fR +.ds NE \fBtop\fR \# - other misc strings for consistent usage/emphasis .ds F \fIOff\fR .ds O \fIOn\fR @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ top \- display Linux tasks .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .SH SYNOPSIS .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -\*(ME \-\fBhv\fR | \-\fBbcHisS\fR \-\fBd\fI delay\fR \-\fBn\fI +\*(NE \-\fBhv\fR | \-\fBbcHisS\fR \-\fBd\fI delay\fR \-\fBn\fI iterations\fR \-\fBp\fI pid\fR [,\fI pid\fR ...] The traditional switches '-' and whitespace are optional. @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ The traditional switches '-' and whitespace are optional. .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .SH DESCRIPTION .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -The \*(ME program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system. +The \*(NE program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system. It can display\fB system\fR summary information as well as a list of\fB tasks\fR currently being managed by the Linux kernel. The types of system summary information shown and the types, order and @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ that configuration can be made persistent across restarts. The program provides a limited interactive interface for process manipulation as well as a much more extensive interface for personal configuration \*(EM encompassing every aspect of its operation. -And while \*(ME is referred to throughout this document, you are free +And while \*(NE is referred to throughout this document, you are free to name the program anything you wish. That new name, possibly an alias, will then be reflected on \*(Me's display and used when reading and writing a \*(CF. @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ command-line. 'I' - Irix mode On\ \ (no, 'solaris' smp) * 'p' - PID monitoring Off * 's' - Secure mode Off (unsecured) - 'B' - Bold disable Off + 'B' - Bold enable Off \fISummary_Area_defaults\fR 'l' - Load Avg/Uptime On\ \ (thus program name) 't' - Task/Cpu states On\ \ (1+1 lines, see '1') @@ -401,28 +401,26 @@ A task's currently used share of available \*(MP. o:\fB VIRT\fR \*(EM Virtual Image (kb) The total amount of \*(MV used by the task. It includes all code, data and shared libraries plus pages that have been -swapped out. - -VIRT = SWAP + RES. +swapped out and pages that have been mapped but not used. .TP 3 p:\fB SWAP\fR \*(EM Swapped size (kb) -The swapped out portion of a task's total \*(MV image. +Memory that is not resident but is present in a task. This is memory that +has been swapped out but could include additional non-resident memory. +This column is calculated by subtracting \*(MP from \*(MV. .TP 3 q:\fB RES\fR \*(EM Resident size (kb) The non-swapped \*(MP a task has used. -RES = CODE + DATA. - .TP 3 r:\fB CODE\fR \*(EM Code size (kb) -The amount of \*(MP devoted to executable code, also known as +The amount of \*(MV devoted to executable code, also known as the 'text resident set' size or TRS. .TP 3 s:\fB DATA\fR \*(EM Data+Stack size (kb) -The amount of \*(MP devoted to other than executable code, also known as +The amount of \*(MV devoted to other than executable code, also known as the 'data resident set' size or DRS. .TP 3 @@ -436,8 +434,8 @@ u:\fB nFLT\fR \*(EM Page Fault count The number of\fB major\fR page faults that have occurred for a task. A page fault occurs when a process attempts to read from or write to a virtual page that is not currently present in its address space. -A major page fault is when disk access is involved in making that -page available. +A major page fault is when backing storage access (such as a disk) is involved +in making that page available. .TP 3 v:\fB nDRT\fR \*(EM Dirty Pages count @@ -504,7 +502,7 @@ and 'Order fields' screens. .\" ...................................................................... .SS 2b. SELECTING and ORDERING Columns .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- -After pressing the \*(CIs 'f' (Fields select) or \'o' (Order fields) you will +After pressing the \*(CIs 'f' (Fields select) or 'o' (Order fields) you will be shown a screen containing the current \fBfields string\fR followed by names and descriptions for all fields. @@ -539,6 +537,42 @@ You\fI move\fR a field to the\fB left\fR by pressing the corresponding\fB upper case\fR letter and to the\fB right\fR with the\fB lower case\fR letter. +.\" ...................................................................... +.SS 2c. CPU States +.\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- +The CPU states are shown in the Summary Area. They are always shown as a +percentage and are for the time between now and the last refresh. + +.TP 3 +\fB us\fR \*(EM User CPU time +The time the CPU has spent running users' processes that are not +niced. + +.TP 3 +\fB sy\fR \*(EM System CPU time +The time the CPU has spent running the kernel and its processes. + +.TP 3 +\fB ni\fR \*(EM Nice CPU time +The time the CPU has spent running users' proccess that have been +niced. + +.TP 3 +\fB wa\fR \*(EM iowait +Amount of time the CPU has been waiting for I/O to complete. + +.TP 3 +\fB hi\fR \*(EM Hardware IRQ +The amount of time the CPU has been servicing hardware interrupts. + +.TP 3 +\fB si\fR \*(EM Software Interrupts +The amount of time the CPU has been servicing software interrupts. + +.TP 3 +\fB st\fR \*(EM Steal Time +The amount of CPU 'stolen' from this virtual machine by the hypervisor +for other tasks (such as running another virtual machine). .\" ---------------------------------------------------------------------- .SH 3. INTERACTIVE Commands @@ -571,7 +605,7 @@ If you wish to know in advance whether or not your \*(Me has been secured, simply ask for help and view the system summary on the second line. .TP 7 -\ \ \<\fBEnter\fR> or <\fBSpace\fR> :\fIRefresh_Display\fR +\ \ <\fBEnter\fR> or <\fBSpace\fR> :\fIRefresh_Display\fR These commands do nothing, they are simply ignored. However, they will awaken \*(Me and following receipt of any input the entire display will be repainted. @@ -580,7 +614,7 @@ Use either of these keys if you have a large delay interval and wish to see current status, .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB?\fR\' or \'\fBh\fR\' :\fIHelp\fR +\ \ <\fB?\fR> or <\fBh\fR> :\fIHelp\fR There are two help levels available. The first will provide a reminder of all the basic \*(CIs. If \*(Me is\fI secured\fR, that screen will be abbreviated. @@ -589,7 +623,7 @@ Typing 'h' or '?' on that help screen will take you to help for those \*(CIs applicable to \*(AM. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB=\fR\' :\fIExit_Task_Limits\fR +\ \ <\fB=\fR> :\fIExit_Task_Limits\fR Removes restrictions on which tasks are shown. This command will reverse any 'i' (idle tasks) and 'n' (max tasks) commands that might be active. @@ -599,13 +633,13 @@ See the '-p' \*(CO for a discussion of PID monitoring. When operating in \*(AM this command has a slightly broader meaning. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBA\fR\' :\fIAlternate_Display_Mode_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBA\fR> :\fIAlternate_Display_Mode_toggle\fR This command will switch between \*(FM and \*(AM. -\*(XT 4. ALTERNATE\-DISPLAY Mode and the 'G' \*(CI for insight into -\*(CWs and field groups. +\*(XT 4. ALTERNATE\-DISPLAY Mode and the 'G' \*(CI for insight +into \*(CWs and field groups. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBB\fR\' :\fIBold_Disable/Enable_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBB\fR> :\fIBold_Disable/Enable_toggle\fR This command will influence use of the 'bold' terminfo capability and alters\fB both\fR the \*(SA and \*(TA for the \*(CW. While it is intended primarily for use with dumb terminals, it can be @@ -617,7 +651,7 @@ Thus, unless the 'x' and/or 'y' toggles are using reverse for emphasis, there will be no visual confirmation that they are even on. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBd\fR\' or \'\fBs\fR\' :\fIChange_Delay_Time_interval\fR +*\ <\fBd\fR> or <\fBs\fR> :\fIChange_Delay_Time_interval\fR You will be prompted to enter the delay time, in seconds, between display updates. @@ -631,32 +665,32 @@ If at any time you wish to know the current delay time, simply ask for help and view the system summary on the second line. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBG\fR\' :\fIChoose_Another_Window/Field_Group\fR +\ \ <\fBG\fR> :\fIChoose_Another_Window/Field_Group\fR You will be prompted to enter a number between 1 and 4 designating the window/field group which should be made the \*(CW. You will soon grow comfortable with these 4 windows, especially after experimenting with \*(AM. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBI\fR\' :\fIIrix/Solaris_Mode_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBI\fR> :\fIIrix/Solaris_Mode_toggle\fR When operating in 'Solaris mode' ('I' toggled \*F), a task's \*(Pu usage will be divided by the total number of \*(PUs. After issuing this command, you'll be informed of the new state of this toggle. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBu\fR\' :\fIselect a user\fR +\ \ <\fBu\fR> :\fIselect a user\fR You will be prompted for a UID or username. Only processes belonging to the selected user will be displayed. This option matches on the effective UID. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBU\fR\' :\fIselect a user\fR +\ \ <\fBU\fR> :\fIselect a user\fR You will be prompted for a UID or username. Only processes belonging to the selected user will be displayed. This option matches on the real, effective, saved, and filesystem UID. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBk\fR\' :\fIKill_a_task\fR +*\ <\fBk\fR> :\fIKill_a_task\fR You will be prompted for a PID and then the signal to send. The default signal, as reflected in the prompt, is SIGTERM. However, you can send any signal, via number or name. @@ -667,24 +701,24 @@ depending on your progress: 2) at the signal prompt, type 0 .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBq\fR\' :\fIQuit\fR +\ \ <\fBq\fR> :\fIQuit\fR .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBr\fR\' :\fIRenice_a_Task\fR +*\ <\fBr\fR> :\fIRenice_a_Task\fR You will be prompted for a PID and then the value to nice it to. Entering a positive value will cause a process to lose priority. Conversely, a negative value will cause a process to be viewed more favorably by the kernel. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBW\fR\' :\fIWrite_the_Configuration_File\fR +\ \ <\fBW\fR> :\fIWrite_the_Configuration_File\fR This will save all of your options and toggles plus the current display mode and delay time. By issuing this command just before quitting \*(Me, you will be able restart later in exactly that same state. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBZ\fR\' :\fIChange_Color_Mapping +\ \ <\fBZ\fR> :\fIChange_Color_Mapping This key will take you to a separate screen where you can change the colors for the \*(CW, or for all windows. For details regarding this \*(CI \*(Xt 3d. COLOR Mapping. @@ -700,25 +734,25 @@ They affect the beginning lines of your display and will determine the position of messages and prompts. These commands always impact just the \*(CW/field group. -\*(XT 4. ALTERNATE\-DISPLAY Mode and the 'G' \*(CI for insight into -\*(CWs and field groups. +\*(XT 4. ALTERNATE\-DISPLAY Mode and the 'G' \*(CI for insight +into \*(CWs and field groups. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBl\fR\' :\fIToggle_Load_Average/Uptime\fR \*(EM On/Off +\ \ <\fBl\fR> :\fIToggle_Load_Average/Uptime\fR \*(EM On/Off This is also the line containing the program name (possibly an alias) when operating in \*(FM or the \*(CW name when operating in \*(AM. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBm\fR\' :\fIToggle_Memory/Swap_Usage\fR \*(EM On/Off +\ \ <\fBm\fR> :\fIToggle_Memory/Swap_Usage\fR \*(EM On/Off This command affects two \*(SA lines. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBt\fR\' :\fIToggle_Task/Cpu_States\fR \*(EM On/Off +\ \ <\fBt\fR> :\fIToggle_Task/Cpu_States\fR \*(EM On/Off This command affects from 2 to many \*(SA lines, depending on the state of the '1' toggle and whether or not \*(Me is running under true SMP. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB1\fR\' :\fIToggle_Single/Separate_Cpu_States\fR \*(EM On/Off +\ \ <\fB1\fR> :\fIToggle_Single/Separate_Cpu_States\fR \*(EM On/Off This command affects how the 't' command's Cpu States portion is shown. Although this toggle exists primarily to serve massively-parallel SMP machines, it is not restricted to solely SMP environments. @@ -750,12 +784,12 @@ global 'B' (bold disable) toggle. .in .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBb\fR\' :\fIBold/Reverse_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBb\fR> :\fIBold/Reverse_toggle\fR This command will impact how the 'x' and 'y' toggles are displayed. Further, it will only be available when at least one of those toggles is \*O. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBx\fR\' :\fIColumn_Highlight_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBx\fR> :\fIColumn_Highlight_toggle\fR Changes highlighting for the current sort field. You probably don't need a constant visual reminder of the sort field and \*(Me hopes that you always run with 'column highlight' \*F, due to the cost @@ -765,7 +799,7 @@ If you forget which field is being sorted this command can serve as a quick visual reminder. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBy\fR\' :\fIRow_Highlight_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBy\fR> :\fIRow_Highlight_toggle\fR Changes highlighting for "running" tasks. For additional insight into this task state, \*(Xt 2a. DESCRIPTIONS of Fields, Process Status. @@ -774,7 +808,7 @@ Use of this provision provides important insight into your system's health. The only costs will be a few additional tty escape sequences. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBz\fR\' :\fIColor/Monochrome_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBz\fR> :\fIColor/Monochrome_toggle\fR Switches the \*(CW between your last used color scheme and the older form of black-on-white or white-on-black. This command will alter\fB both\fR the \*(SA and \*(TA but does not affect the @@ -785,20 +819,20 @@ state of the 'x', 'y' or 'b' toggles. .B CONTENT\fR of \*(TW .PD 0 .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBc\fR\' :\fICommand_Line/Program_Name_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBc\fR> :\fICommand_Line/Program_Name_toggle\fR This command will be honored whether or not the 'Command' column is currently visible. Later, should that field come into view, the change you applied will be seen. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBf\fR\' and \'\fBo\fR\' :\fIFields_select\fR or \fIOrder_fields\fR +\ \ <\fBf\fR> and <\fBo\fR> :\fIFields_select\fR or \fIOrder_fields\fR These keys display separate screens where you can change which fields are displayed and their order. For additional information on these \*(CIs \*(Xt 2b. SELECTING and ORDERING Columns. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBH\fR\' :\fIThreads_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBS\fR> :\fICumulative_Time_Mode_toggle\fR When this toggle is \*O, all individual threads will be displayed. Otherwise, \*(Me displays a summation of all threads in a process. .TP 7 @@ -818,7 +852,7 @@ If you wish to know in advance whether or not 'Cumulative mode' is in effect, simply ask for help and view the window summary on the second line. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBu\fR\' :\fIShow_Specific_User_Only\fR +\ \ <\fBu\fR> :\fIShow_Specific_User_Only\fR You will be prompted to enter the name of the user to display. Thereafter, in that \*(TW only matching User ID's will be shown, or possibly no tasks will be shown. @@ -831,7 +865,7 @@ just press at the prompt, without providing a name. .B SIZE\fR of \*(TW .PD 0 .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBi\fR\' :\fIIdle_Processes_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBi\fR> :\fIIdle_Processes_toggle\fR Displays all tasks or just active tasks. When this toggle is \*F, idled or zombied processes will not be displayed. @@ -839,7 +873,7 @@ If this command is applied to the last \*(TD when in \*(AM, then it will not affect the window's size, as all prior \*(TDs will have already been painted. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBn\fR\' or \'#\' :\fISet_Maximum_Tasks\fR +\ \ <\fBn\fR> or <\fB#\fR> :\fISet_Maximum_Tasks\fR You will be prompted to enter the number of tasks to display. The lessor of your number and available screen rows will be used. @@ -878,12 +912,12 @@ The sort field might\fI not\fR be visible because: .in .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB<\fR\' :\fIMove_Sort_Field_Left\fR +\ \ <\fB<\fR> :\fIMove_Sort_Field_Left\fR Moves the sort column to the left unless the current sort field is the first field being displayed. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB>\fR\' :\fIMove_Sort_Field_Right\fR +\ \ <\fB>\fR> :\fIMove_Sort_Field_Right\fR Moves the sort column to the right unless the current sort field is the last field being displayed. @@ -894,7 +928,7 @@ the current sort field is visible. .in .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBF\fR\' or \'\fBO\fR\' :\fISelect_Sort_Field\fR +\ \ <\fBF\fR> or <\fBO\fR> :\fISelect_Sort_Field\fR These keys display a separate screen where you can change which field is used as the sort column. @@ -907,7 +941,7 @@ This \*(CI can be a convenient way to simply verify the current sort field, when running \*(Me with column highlighting turned \*F. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBR\fR\' :\fIReverse/Normal_Sort_Field_toggle\fR +\ \ <\fBR\fR> :\fIReverse/Normal_Sort_Field_toggle\fR Using this \*(CI you can alternate between high-to-low and low-to-high sorts. .PP @@ -984,7 +1018,7 @@ know what window is the \*(CW. .\" ...................................................................... .SS 4b. COMMANDS for Windows .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fB-\fR\' and \'\fB_\fR\' :\fIShow/Hide_Window(s)_toggles\fR +\ \ <\fB-\fR> and <\fB_\fR> :\fIShow/Hide_Window(s)_toggles\fR The '-' key turns the \*(CW's \*(TD \*O and \*F. When \*O, that \*(TA will show a minimum of the columns header you've established with the 'f' and 'o' commands. @@ -998,7 +1032,7 @@ If all 4 \*(TDs are currently visible, this \*(CI will leave the \*(SA as the only display element. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fB=\fR\' and \'\fB+\fR\' :\fIEqualize_(re-balance)_Window(s)\fR +*\ <\fB=\fR> and <\fB+\fR> :\fIEqualize_(re-balance)_Window(s)\fR The '=' key forces the \*(CW's \*(TD to be visible. It also reverses any 'i' (idle tasks) and 'n' (max tasks) commands that might be active. @@ -1009,7 +1043,7 @@ They will also have retained any customizations you had previously applied, except for the 'i' (idle tasks) and 'n' (max tasks) commands. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBA\fR\' :\fIAlternate_Display_Mode_toggle\fR +*\ <\fBA\fR> :\fIAlternate_Display_Mode_toggle\fR This command will switch between \*(FM and \*(AM. The first time you issue this command, all four \*(TDs will be shown. @@ -1017,7 +1051,7 @@ Thereafter when you switch modes, you will see only the \*(TD(s) you've chosen to make visible. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBa\fR\' and \'\fBw\fR\' :\fINext_Window_Forward/Backward\fR +*\ <\fBa\fR> and <\fBw\fR> :\fINext_Window_Forward/Backward\fR This will change the \*(CW, which in turn changes the window to which commands are directed. These keys act in a circular fashion so you can reach any desired \*(CW @@ -1028,7 +1062,7 @@ whenever the \*(CW name loses its emphasis/color, that's a reminder the \*(TD is \*F and many commands will be restricted. .TP 7 -*\ \'\fBG\fR\' :\fIChoose_Another_Window/Field_Group\fR +*\ <\fBG\fR> :\fIChoose_Another_Window/Field_Group\fR You will be prompted to enter a number between 1 and 4 designating the window/field group which should be made the \*(CW. @@ -1037,15 +1071,15 @@ In \*(AM, it is simply a less convenient alternative to the 'a' and 'w' commands. .TP 7 -\ \ \'\fBg\fR\' :\fIChange_Window/Field_Group_Name\fR +\ \ <\fBg\fR> :\fIChange_Window/Field_Group_Name\fR You will be prompted for a new name to be applied to the \*(CW. It does not require that the window name be visible (the 'l' toggle to be \*O). .IP "*" 3 The \*(CIs shown with an \*(AS have use beyond \*(AM. - \'=', 'A', 'G' are always available - \'a', 'w' act the same when color mapping + '=', 'A', 'G' are always available + 'a', 'w' act the same when color mapping .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------