.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt (michael@moria.de), Fri Apr 2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993 .\" .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version. .\" .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code" .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including .\" intermediate and printed output. .\" .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the .\" GNU General Public License for more details. .\" .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public .\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free .\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, .\" USA. .\" .\" Modified Sun Jul 25 10:46:28 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) .\" Modified Sun Aug 21 18:12:27 1994 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu) .\" Modified Sun Jun 18 01:53:57 1995 by Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl) .\" Modified Mon Jan 5 20:24:40 MET 1998 by Michael Haardt .\" (michael@cantor.informatik.rwth-aachen.de) .\" .\" Çѱ¹¾î ¹ø¿ª : ASPLINUX 2000³â 7¿ù 29ÀÏ .\" .TH PASSWD 5 "January 5, 1998" "" "File formats" .SH À̸§ passwd \- Æнº¿öµå ÆÄÀÏ .SH ¼³¸í .B Passwd ´Â ÅؽºÆ® ÆÄÀϷμ­, ½Ã½ºÅÛ °èÁ¤ÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, »ç¿ëÀÚ ID, ±×·ì ID, Ȩ µð·ºÅ丮, ½© µîÀÇ °¢ °èÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. Á¾Á¾, °¢ °èÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ÏȣȭµÈ Æнº¿öµå¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. Passwd´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Àб⠱ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Á®¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¼öÆÛ À¯Àú¿¡°Ô¸¸ ¾²±â Á¢±ÙÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. .PP ¿¹Àü¿¡´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Àб⠱ÇÇÑÀ¸·ÎÀÎÇÑ ¹®Á¦µéÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾ÏȣȭµÈ Æнº¿öµå¸¦ ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸, Æнº¿öµå¸¦ Å©·¢Çϱ⿡´Â Çϵå¿þ¾î°¡ ³Ê¹«³ª ´À·È°í, ´õ¿ì±â, ±âº»ÀûÀÎ °¡Á¤Àº ±×µéÀº ¾ÆÁÖ Ä£¼÷ÇÑ »ç¿ëÀÚ °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ Æнº¿öµåµéÀ̾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ½¦µµ¿ì Æнº¿öµåÀÇ ÀϺΠ¹öÀüÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù. .I /etc/passwd´Â ¾ÏȣȭµÈ Æнº¿öµå ´ë½Å *·Î µÈ Æнº¿öµå¸¦ Áö´Ï°í, ¾ÏȣȭµÈ Æнº¿öµåµéÀº ¼öÆÛÀ¯Àú¸¸ÀÌ ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â .I /etc/shadow¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. .PP ½¦µµ¿ì Æнº¿ìµå°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´ÂÁö¿¡ »ó°ü¾øÀÌ, ¸¹Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛ °ü¸®ÀÚµéÀº »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Æнº¿öµå¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÎÁõÇÒ ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï Æнº¿öµå Çʵ峻¿¡ º°Ç¥¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. .PP ¸¸ÀÏ »õ·Î¿î ·Î±×ÀÎÀ» ¸¸µé¸é, ¿ì¼± Æнº¿öµå Çʵ忡 º°Ç¥¸¦ ³õ°í, À̸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ .BR passwd (1)À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. PP °¢ Çึ´Ù ÇϳªÀÇ Ç׸ñÀÌ ÀÖ°í, °¢ ÇàÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Çü½ÄÀ» Áö´Ñ´Ù. .sp .RS °èÁ¤:Æнº¿öµå:UID:GID:GECOS:µð·ºÅ丮:½© .RE .sp °¢ Çʵ忡 ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. .sp .RS .TP 1.0in .I °èÁ¤ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÚ À̸§. ´ë¹®ÀÚ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇؼ­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. .TP .I Æнº¿öµå ¾ÏȣȭµÈ »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ Æнº¿öµå ȤÀº º°Ç¥ .TP .I UID ¼ýÀڷΠǥÇöµÇ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚ id .TP .I GID ÀÌ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖ ±×·ì ID, ¼ýÀڷΠǥÇöµÊ .TP .I GECOS ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÌ°í, ¿ÀÁ÷ Á¤º¸ÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î¸¸ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. º¸Åë, ÀÌ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ Àüü À̸§À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. GECOS´Â ÀÏ¹Ý ÀüÀÚ ÅëÇÕ ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦·Î¼­, GEÀÇ °Å´ë ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ Honeywell¿¡ ÆÇ¸ÅµÈ GCOS,·Î ´Ù½Ã ¸í¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. Dennis Ritchie´Â ¸»Çϱ⸦, ¶§¶§·Î ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÁ¸°ÅÍ Ãâ·Â ȤÀº ÀÏ°ý ó¸® ÀÛ¾÷µéÀ» GCOS ¸Ó½ÅÀ¸·Î Àü¼ÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. Æнº¿öµå ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼­ GCOS Çʵå´Â $IDENTcard¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¼û°ÜµÎ´Â Àå¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. .TP .I directory »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ $HOME µð·ºÅ丮 .TP .I shell(½©) ·Î±×Àνà ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥(¸¸ÀÏ ºñ¾ú´Ù¸é, .BR /bin/shÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.) ¸¸ÀÏ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ½ÇÇàÆÄÀÏ·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù¸é, »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â .BR login (1)À» ÅëÇØ ·Î±×ÀÎ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. .RE .SH ÁÖÀÇ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ »ç¿ëÀÚ ±×·ìÀ» ¸¸µé°í ½Í´Ù¸é, GID´Â ÀÌ¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, \fI/etc/group\fP³»¿¡ Ç׸ñµéÀÌ Àְųª, ±×·ìÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. .PP ¾ÏȣȭµÈ Æнº¿öµå°¡ º°Ç¥·Î ¼³Á¤µÈ °æ¿ì, »ç¿ëÀÚ´Â .BR login (1)·Î ·Î±×ÀÏ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÁö¸¸, .BR rlogin (1)À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ·Î±×ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î¼¼½ºµéÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í, .BR rsh (1) ȤÀº .BR cron (1) ȤÀº .BR at (1) À» ÃʱâÈ­½ÃÅ°°Å³ª, ¸ÞÀÏ ÇÊÅ͸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ½© Çʵ带 º¯°æ½ÃÄѼ­ °èÁ¤À» Àá±×´Â °ÍÀº ¶È°°Àº °á°ú¸¦ °¡Á®¿À°í, .BR su (1)ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù.. .SH ÆÄÀÏ .I /etc/passwd .SH °ü·Ã Ç׸ñ .BR passwd (1), .BR login (1), .BR su (1), .BR group (5), .BR shadow (5)