shadow/man/ja/useradd.8

177 lines
7.1 KiB
Groff

.\" $Id: useradd.8,v 1.9 2005/04/05 19:08:55 kloczek Exp $
.\" Copyright 1991 - 1994, Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. Neither the name of Julianne F. Haugh nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY JULIE HAUGH AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL JULIE HAUGH OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1996 HANATAKA Shinya
.\" all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Wed Nov 20 17:42:39 JST 1996
.\" by HANATAKA Shinya
.\" Updated Mon Mar 5 JST 2002 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Modified Sun 22 Sep 2002 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD: initial group ¼ç¥°¥ë¡¼¥×
.\"WORD: supplementary group Êä½õ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×
.\"
.TH USERADD 8
.SH ̾Á°
useradd \- ¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ÎºîÀ®¡¦¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¾ðÊó¤Î¹¹¿·
.SH ½ñ¼°
.TP 8
\fBuseradd\fR [\fB\-c\fR \fIcomment\fR] [\fB\-d\fR \fIhome_dir\fR]
.br
[\fB\-e\fR \fIexpire_date\fR] [\fB\-f\fR \fIinactive_time\fR]
.br
[\fB\-g\fR \fIinitial_group\fR] [\fB\-G\fR \fIgroup\fR[,...]]
.br
[\fB\-m\fR [\fB\-k\fR \fIskeleton_dir\fR]] [\fB\-o\fR] [\fB\-p\fR \fIpasswd\fR]
.br
[\fB\-s\fR \fIshell\fR] [\fB\-u\fR \fIuid\fR] \fIlogin\fR
.TP 8
\fBuseradd\fR \fB\-D\fR [\fB\-g\fR \fIdefault_group\fR] [\fB\-b\fR \fIdefault_home\fR]
.br
[\fB\-e\fR \fIdefault_expire_date\fR] [\fB\-f\fR \fIdefault_inactive\fR]
.br
[\fB\-s\fR \fIdefault_shell\fR]
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.SS ¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ÎºîÀ®
\fB\-D\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ê¤·¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
\fBuseradd\fR ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤ÎÃͤȥǥե©¥ë¥È¤ÎÀßÄêÃͤò¤â¤È¤Ë
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£
¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë±þ¤¸¤Æ¡¢
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬É¬Íפʥ·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲ䵤졢
¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¡¢
ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
\fBuseradd\fR ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¼¡¤ÎÄ̤ꡣ
.IP "\fB\-c\fR \fIcomment\fR"
¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲ乤뿷µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥³¥á¥ó¥È¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¡£
.IP "\fB\-d\fR \fIhome_dir\fR"
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò \fIhome_dir\fR ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï \fIlogin\fR ¤ò
\fIdefault_home\fR ¤ËÉÕ¤±²Ã¤¨¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£
.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIexpire_date\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬»ÈÍÑÉÔǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ëÆüÉÕ¡£
ÆüÉÕ¤Ï \fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR ¤È¤¤¤¦½ñ¼°¤Ç»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIinactive_days\fR"
¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Î»ÈÍÑ´ü¸Â¤¬ÀÚ¤ì¤Æ¤«¤é¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬±Êµ×¤Ë»ÈÍÑÉÔǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÆü¿ô¡£
0 ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢
¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Î´ü¸Â¤¬ÀÚ¤ì¤ë¤ÈƱ»þ¤Ë¤³¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ï»ÈÍÑÉÔǽ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
\-1 ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬Ìµ¸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃÍ¤Ï \-1¡£
.IP "\fB\-g\fR \fIinitial_group\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î°¤¹¤ë¼ç¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤Þ¤¿¤Ï ID¡£
¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤Ï¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤Ï´û¸¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤Ï 1 ¤«¡¢
¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \fI/etc/default/useradd\fR
¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤Î¤¬¤¢¤ì¤Ð¤½¤ì¤Ë½¾¤¦¡£
.IP "\fB\-G\fR \fIgroup,[...]\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î°¤¹¤ëÊä½õ¥°¥ë¡¼¥× (supplementary groups) ¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¡£
¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¥³¥ó¥Þ¤Ç¶èÀڤꡢ´Ö¤Ë¶õÇò¤òÆþ¤ì¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
»ØÄê¤Ç¤­¤ë¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤Ï \fB\-g\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÈƱÍͤÎÀ©¸Â¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï¼ç¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î¤ß¤Ë°¤¹¤ë¡£
.IP \fB\-m\fR
¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£
\fB\-k\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òƱ»þ¤Ë»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È \fIskeleton_dir\fR °Ê²¼¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¡¢
»ØÄꤷ¤Ê¤¤¤È \fI/etc/skel\fR °Ê²¼¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¡¢
¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
\fIskeleton_dir\fR ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \fI/etc/skel\fR
¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤âºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
\fB\-k\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¢
\fB\-m\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤È¤â¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Î¤ßÍ­¸ú¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤òºî¤é¤º¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
.IP "\fB\-o\fR"
½ÅÊ£¤·¤¿ (¸ÇÍ­¤Ç¤Ê¤¤) UID ¤Ç¥æ¡¼¥¶¤òºîÀ®¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£
.IP "\fB\-p\fR \fIpasswd\fR"
\fBcrypt\fR(3) ¤ÎÊÖ¤êÃͤǤ¢¤ë°Å¹æ²½¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ï»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¾õÂ֤Ȥʤ롣
.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIshell\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤Î̾Á°¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ï¶õÇò¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¢
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤òÁª¤Ö¡£
.IP "\fB\-u\fR \fIuid\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î ID Èֹ档
¤³¤ÎÃͤϡ¢\fB\-o\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤ò½ü¤­¡¢Â¾¤È½ÅÊ£¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤Þ¤¿ÈóÉéÃͤǤʤ¯¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ 999 ¤ª¤è¤Ó¾¤Î¤¢¤é¤æ¤ë´û¸¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î ID ¤è¤ê¤âÂ礭¤¤¡¢
ºÇ¾®¤Î¿ôÃͤȤʤ롣
0 ¤«¤é 999 ¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÃͤϡ¢
Ä̾亮¥¹¥Æ¥àÍѤΥ¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤ËͽÌ󤵤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.SS ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃͤÎÊѹ¹
\fB\-D\fR ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢
\fBuseradd\fR ¤Ï¸½ºß¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃͤòɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¤«¡¢
¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÇÍ¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿Ãͤ˱þ¤¸¤Æ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃͤòÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¡£
»ÈÍѲÄǽ¤Ê¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¼¡¤ÎÄ̤ꡣ
.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIdefault_home\fR"
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¤Î¥×¥ì¥Õ¥£¥Ã¥¯¥¹¡£
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤ÎºîÀ®»þ¤Ë \fB\-d\fI ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤È¡¢
\fIdefault_home\fR ¤Î¸å¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤òÉÕ¤±²Ã¤¨¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬
¿·µ¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê̾¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIdefault_expire_date\fR"
¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬»ÈÍÑÉÔǽ¤È¤Ê¤ëÆüÉÕ¡£
.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIdefault_inactive\fR"
¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤Î»ÈÍÑ´ü¸Â¤¬ÀÚ¤ì¤Æ¤«¤é¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬»ÈÍÑÉÔǽ¤È¤Ê¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÆü¿ô¡£
.IP "\fB\-g\fR \fIdefault_group\fR"
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î°¤¹¤ë¼ç¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID¡£
¥°¥ë¡¼¥×̾¤Ï¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤Ï´û¸¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIdefault_shell\fR"
¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¡£
»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¡¢
º£¸åºî¤é¤ì¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¿·µ¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤ËŬÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Ê¤¤¤È¡¢
\fBuseradd\fR ¤Ï¸½ºß¤Î¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥ÈÃͤòɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
.SH Ãí°Õ
\fI/etc/skel\fR ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÃÖ¤¯¤Î¤Ï
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à´ÉÍý¼Ô¤Î¹Ô¤¦¤Ù¤­ºî¶È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ·Ù¹ð
NIS ¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ò²Ã¤¨¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤³¤ì¤Ïɬ¤º NIS ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¾å¤Ç¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¡£
.SH ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
\fI/etc/passwd\fR \- ¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¾ðÊó
.br
\fI/etc/shadow\fR \- °ÂÁ´¤Ê¥æ¡¼¥¶¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¾ðÊó
.br
\fI/etc/group\fR \ \- ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¾ðÊó
.br
\fI/etc/default/useradd\fR \- ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¾ðÊó
.br
\fI/etc/skel/\fR \ \- ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¿÷·Á¤¬ÃÖ¤«¤ì¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR chfn (1),
.BR chsh (1),
.BR passwd (1),
.BR crypt (3),
.BR groupadd (8),
.BR groupdel (8),
.BR groupmod (8),
.BR userdel (8),
.BR usermod (8)
.SH Ãø¼Ô
Julianne Frances Haugh (jockgrrl@ix.netcom.com)