042d6c48b3
* man/<ll>/*.[1358], man/<ll>/man[1358]/*.[1358], man/<ll>/Makefile.am: Sort manpages per section as the generated manpages.
365 lines
12 KiB
XML
365 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<!--
|
|
Copyright (c) 1992 , Julianne Frances Haugh
|
|
Copyright (c) 2007 - 2011, Nicolas François
|
|
All rights reserved.
|
|
|
|
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
are met:
|
|
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
3. The name of the copyright holders or contributors may not be used to
|
|
endorse or promote products derived from this software without
|
|
specific prior written permission.
|
|
|
|
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
|
|
``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
|
|
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
|
|
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
|
|
HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
|
|
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
|
|
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
|
|
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
|
|
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
|
|
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
|
|
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
-->
|
|
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|
<!ENTITY PASS_MAX_DAYS SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_MAX_DAYS.xml">
|
|
<!ENTITY PASS_MIN_DAYS SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_MIN_DAYS.xml">
|
|
<!ENTITY PASS_WARN_AGE SYSTEM "login.defs.d/PASS_WARN_AGE.xml">
|
|
<!ENTITY TCB_AUTH_GROUP SYSTEM "login.defs.d/TCB_AUTH_GROUP.xml">
|
|
<!ENTITY TCB_SYMLINKS SYSTEM "login.defs.d/TCB_SYMLINKS.xml">
|
|
<!ENTITY USE_TCB SYSTEM "login.defs.d/USE_TCB.xml">
|
|
<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->
|
|
]>
|
|
<refentry id='pwck.8'>
|
|
<!-- $Id$ -->
|
|
<refentryinfo>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Julianne Frances</firstname>
|
|
<surname>Haugh</surname>
|
|
<contrib>Creation, 1992</contrib>
|
|
</author>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Thomas</firstname>
|
|
<surname>Kłoczko</surname>
|
|
<email>kloczek@pld.org.pl</email>
|
|
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007</contrib>
|
|
</author>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Nicolas</firstname>
|
|
<surname>François</surname>
|
|
<email>nicolas.francois@centraliens.net</email>
|
|
<contrib>shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now</contrib>
|
|
</author>
|
|
</refentryinfo>
|
|
<refmeta>
|
|
<refentrytitle>pwck</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">System Management Commands</refmiscinfo>
|
|
<refmiscinfo class="source">shadow-utils</refmiscinfo>
|
|
<refmiscinfo class="version">&SHADOW_UTILS_VERSION;</refmiscinfo>
|
|
</refmeta>
|
|
<refnamediv id='name'>
|
|
<refname>pwck</refname>
|
|
<refpurpose>verify integrity of password files</refpurpose>
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
|
<!-- body begins here -->
|
|
<refsynopsisdiv id='synopsis'>
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
|
<command>pwck</command>
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>options</arg>
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'>
|
|
<replaceable>passwd</replaceable>
|
|
</arg>
|
|
<arg choice='opt'>
|
|
<arg choice='plain'>
|
|
<replaceable>shadow</replaceable>
|
|
</arg>
|
|
</arg>
|
|
</arg>
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
|
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='description'>
|
|
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <command>pwck</command> command verifies the integrity of the
|
|
users and authentication information. It checks that all entries in
|
|
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>
|
|
<phrase condition="tcb">(or the files in
|
|
<filename>/etc/tcb</filename>, when <option>USE_TCB</option> is
|
|
enabled)</phrase>
|
|
have the proper format and contain valid data.
|
|
The user is prompted to delete entries that are
|
|
improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Checks are made to verify that each entry has:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist mark='bullet'>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>the correct number of fields</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>a unique and valid user name</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>a valid user and group identifier</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>a valid primary group</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para> a valid home directory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>a valid login shell</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<filename>shadow</filename> checks are enabled when a second file
|
|
parameter is specified or when <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>
|
|
exists on the system.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
These checks are the following:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist mark='bullet'>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
every passwd entry has a matching shadow entry, and every shadow
|
|
entry has a matching passwd entry
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>passwords are specified in the shadowed file</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shadow entries have the correct number of fields</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shadow entries are unique in shadow</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>the last password changes are not in the future</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are
|
|
fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be
|
|
prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer
|
|
affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a
|
|
duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining
|
|
checks will still be made. All other errors are warning and the user
|
|
is encouraged to run the <command>usermod</command> command to correct
|
|
the error.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The commands which operate on the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
|
|
file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries.
|
|
<command>pwck</command> should be used in those circumstances to
|
|
remove the offending entry.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='options'>
|
|
<title>OPTIONS</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <option>-r</option> and <option>-s</option> options cannot be
|
|
combined.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<variablelist remap='IP'>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Display help message and exit.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any
|
|
action from the user won't be displayed.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>
|
|
<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option>
|
|
<replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
|
|
</term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>
|
|
directory and use the configuration files from the
|
|
<replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> by UID.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para condition="tcb">
|
|
This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files
|
|
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition="tcb"> (or the
|
|
files in <filename>/etc/tcb</filename>)</phrase>.
|
|
The user may select alternate files with the
|
|
<replaceable>passwd</replaceable> and
|
|
<replaceable>shadow</replaceable> parameters.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para condition="tcb">
|
|
Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot
|
|
specify an alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In
|
|
future releases, this paramater could be replaced by an alternate
|
|
TCB directory.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='configuration'>
|
|
<title>CONFIGURATION</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The following configuration variables in
|
|
<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of this
|
|
tool:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
&PASS_MAX_DAYS;
|
|
&PASS_MIN_DAYS;
|
|
&PASS_WARN_AGE;
|
|
&TCB_AUTH_GROUP;
|
|
&TCB_SYMLINKS;
|
|
&USE_TCB;
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='files'>
|
|
<title>FILES</title>
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><filename>/etc/group</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Group account information.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>User account information.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Secure user account information.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='exit_values'>
|
|
<title>EXIT VALUES</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values:
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>0</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>success</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>1</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>invalid command syntax</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>2</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>one or more bad password entries</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>3</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>can't open password files</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>4</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>can't lock password files</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>5</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>can't update password files</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><replaceable>6</replaceable></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>can't sort password files</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
|
|
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|