140 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
140 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<refentry id='passwd.5'>
|
|
<!-- $Id: passwd.5.xml,v 1.19 2006/05/28 16:17:36 kloczek Exp $ -->
|
|
<refmeta>
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
<refmiscinfo class="sectdesc">File Formats and Conversions</refmiscinfo>
|
|
</refmeta>
|
|
<refnamediv id='name'>
|
|
<refname>passwd</refname>
|
|
<refpurpose>the password file</refpurpose>
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='description'>
|
|
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> contains one line for each
|
|
user account, with seven fields delimited by colons
|
|
(<quote>:</quote>).
|
|
These fields are:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist mark='bullet'>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>login name</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>optional encrypted password</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>numerical user ID</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>numerical group ID</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>user name or comment field</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>user home directory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>optional user command interpreter</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password
|
|
is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However,
|
|
some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file
|
|
may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the
|
|
<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the
|
|
<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>,
|
|
then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there
|
|
<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the
|
|
<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid.
|
|
If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then
|
|
it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working
|
|
directory. The <command>login</command> program uses this information
|
|
to set the value of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command
|
|
language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute.
|
|
The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the
|
|
value of the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environmental variable. If this
|
|
field is empty, it defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='files'>
|
|
<title>FILES</title>
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><filename>/etc/passwd</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>User account information.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><filename>/etc/shadow</filename></term>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>optional encrypted password file</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1 id='see_also'>
|
|
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>getent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>getpwnam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>pwunconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>sulogin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|