114 lines
4.3 KiB
Groff
114 lines
4.3 KiB
Groff
'\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
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.\" Copyright (C) 1998 Miquel van Smoorenburg.
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.\"
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.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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.\" (at your option) any later version.
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.\"
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.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
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.\"
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.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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.\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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.\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
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.\"
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.TH PIDOF 8 "01 Sep 1998" "sysvinit " "Linux System Administrator's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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pidof - find the process ID of a running program
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B pidof
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.RB [ \-s ]
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.RB [ \-c ]
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.RB [ \-n ]
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.RB [ \-x ]
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.RB [ \-z ]
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.RB [ \-o
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.IR omitpid[,omitpid...] ]
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.RB [ \-o
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.IR omitpid[,omitpid...]... ]
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.RB [ \-d
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.IR sep ]
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.I program
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.RI [ program... ]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B pidof
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finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints those
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id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in
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run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a
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\fISystem-V\fP like \fIrc\fP structure. In that case these scripts are
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located in \fI/etc/rc?.d\fP, where ? is the runlevel. If the system has
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a \fBstart-stop-daemon\fP(8) program that should be used instead.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.IP \fB\-s\fP
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Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one \fIpid\fP.
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.IP \fB\-c\fP
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Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory.
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This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check
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the current root directory of processes they do not own.
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.IP \fB\-n\fP
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Avoid
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.BR stat (2)
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system function call on all binaries which are located on network
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based file systems like
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.BR NFS .
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Instead of using this option the variable
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.B PIDOF_NETFS
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may be set and exported.
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.IP \fB\-q\fP
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Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with
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a status of true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.
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.IP \fB\-x\fP
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Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of
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shells running the named scripts.
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.IP \fB\-z\fP
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Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z)
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status. Usually these processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause
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pidof or related tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes
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in the uninterruptable state (D), unless the \fB-z\fP flag was specified. This is no
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longer the case. The \fBpidof\fP program will find and report processes in the D state
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whether \fB-z\fP is specified or not.
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.IP "-d \fIsep\fP"
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Tells \fIpidof\fP to use \fIsep\fP as an output separator if more than one PID
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is shown. The default separator is a space.
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.IP "-o \fIomitpid\fP"
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Tells \fIpidof\fP to omit processes with that process id. The special
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pid \fB%PPID\fP can be used to name the parent process of the \fBpidof\fP
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program, in other words the calling shell or shell script.
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.SH "EXIT STATUS"
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.TP
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.B 0
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At least one program was found with the requested name.
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.TP
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.B 1
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No program was found with the requested name.
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.SH NOTES
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\fIpidof\fP is actually the same program as \fBkillall5\fP(8);
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the program behaves according to the name under which it is called.
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.PP
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When \fBpidof\fP is invoked with a full pathname to the program it
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should find the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible
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that it returns PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name
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as the program you're after but are actually other programs. Note
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that the executable name of running processes is calculated with
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.BR readlink (2),
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so symbolic links to executables will also match. However, symbolic links to symbolic links will not match.
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.PP
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Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively)
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are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail.
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The \fB\-z\fP flag (see above) tells \fBpidof\fP to try to detect these sleeping and zombie
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processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR shutdown (8),
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.BR init (8),
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.BR halt (8),
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.BR reboot (8),
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.BR killall5 (8)
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.SH AUTHOR
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.MT miquels@\:cistron\:.nl
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Miquel van Smoorenburg
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.ME
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