man: Sync FreeBSD syslogd man page with the realities of the project
Add missing -r option for log rotation and remove -8 option, which we don't have yet. Add SECURITY, DEBUGGING, and SIGNALS sections and expand upon the BUGS section a bit to link things together. Signed-off-by: Joachim Nilsson <troglobit@gmail.com>
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Joachim Nilsson
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man/syslogd.8
216
man/syslogd.8
@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
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.\" @(#)syslogd.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd July 2, 2018
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.Dd December 9, 2019
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.Dt SYSLOGD 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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@ -127,24 +127,6 @@ to use IPv4 addresses only.
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Force
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.Nm
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to use IPv6 addresses only.
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.It Fl 8
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Tells
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.Nm
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not to interfere with 8-bit data.
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Normally
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.Nm
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will replace C1 control characters
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.Pq ISO 8859 and Unicode characters
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with their
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.Dq M- Ns Em x
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equivalent.
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Note, this option does not change the way
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.Nm
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alters control characters
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.Pq see Xr iscntrl 3 .
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They will always be replaced with their
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.Dq ^ Ns Em x
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equivalent.
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.It Fl A
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Ordinarily,
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.Nm
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@ -204,7 +186,7 @@ can contain special characters of a shell-style pattern such as
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.It Xo
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.Fl b
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.Sm off
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.Ar bind_address Op \&: Ar service
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.Ar address Op \&: Ar service
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.Sm on
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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@ -232,8 +214,11 @@ Put
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into debugging mode.
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This is probably only of use to developers working on
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.Nm .
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.It Fl f Ar config_file
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Specify the pathname of an alternate configuration file;
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See the
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.Sx DEBUGGING
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section for more information.
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.It Fl f Ar file
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Specify the path name of an alternate configuration file;
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the default is
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.Pa /etc/syslog.conf .
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.It Fl F
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@ -258,29 +243,50 @@ Usually the
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.Dq kern
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facility is reserved for messages read directly from
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.Pa /proc/kmsg .
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.It Fl m Ar mark_interval
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.It Fl m Ar interval
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Select the number of minutes between
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.Dq mark
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messages;
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the default is 20 minutes.
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messages; the default is 20 minutes. Setting this to zero disables log
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marks.
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.It Fl n
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Disable DNS query for every request.
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.It Fl p Ar log_socket
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Specify the pathname of an alternate log socket to be used instead;
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.It Fl p Ar socket
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Specify the path name of an alternate log socket to be used instead;
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the default is
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.Pa /dev/log .
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When a single
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.Fl p
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option is specified,
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the default pathname is replaced with the specified one.
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When two or more
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option is specified, the default path name is replaced with the
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specified one. When two or more
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.Fl p
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options are specified,
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the remaining pathnames are treated as additional log sockets.
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.It Fl P Ar pid_file
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options are specified, the remaining path names are treated as
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additional log sockets.
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.It Fl P Ar file
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Specify an alternative file in which to store the process ID.
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The default is
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.Pa /var/run/syslog.pid .
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.It Fl r Ar size[:count]
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Enable built-in support for log rotation of files listed in
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.Pa /etc/syslog.conf .
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This feature is particularly useful for small and embedded systems that
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do not want the overhead of
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.Xr cron 8
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and
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.Xr logrotate 8 .
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.Pp
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The option controls the max size and number of backup files kept by the
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built-in log-rotation. When present on the command line it activates
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log rotation of all files with the given maximum size. It is also
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possible to control log rotate per log file, see
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.Xr syslog.conf 5
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for details.
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.Pp
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The size argument takes optional modifiers; k, M, G. E.g., 100M is
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100 MiB, 42k is 42 kiB, etc.
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.Pp
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The optional number of files kept include both gzipped files and the
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first rotated (not zipped) file. The default for this, when omitted,
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is 5.
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.It Fl s
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Operate in secure mode. Do not log messages from remote machines. If
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specified twice, no network socket will be opened at all, which also
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@ -342,6 +348,98 @@ the timestamp field is incorrect, time obtained from the local host is
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used instead. This can be overridden by the
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.Fl T
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flag.
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.Sh SECURITY
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There are a number of methods of protecting a machine:
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.Bl -enum
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.It
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Disabling inet domain sockets will limit risk to the local machine. Use
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the secure mode flag
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.Fl s
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for this.
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.It
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When secure mode cannot be used, only allow certain remote peers using
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the
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.Fl a Ar PEER
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flag.
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.It
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Implement kernel firewalling to limit which hosts or networks have
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access to the 514/UDP socket.
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.It
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Logging can be directed to an isolated or non-root filesystem which,
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if filled, will not impair the machine.
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.It
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Most modern UNIX filesystems can be configured to limit a certain
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percentage of a filesystem to usage by root only.
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.El
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.Sh DEBUGGING
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When debug mode
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.Fl ( d )
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is enabled
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.Nm
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only the first
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.Fn init
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is shown.
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.Nm
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then prompts you to send
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.Ar SIGUSR1
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to continue debugging. The output is very verbose and is probably only
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useful to developers.
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.Pp
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When
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.Nm
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receives
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.Ar SIGHUP
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it reloads its configuration file, and at the end of the
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.Fn init
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sequence all log targets are listed with their respective priority per
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facility, the action and the log format used:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width priority
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.It priority
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Bit mapped priorities listed per facility, one priority per facility,
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starting with kernel as the left-most column.
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.It action
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FILE, remote sink (FORW), WALL, etc. See
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.Xr syslog.conf 5
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for details.
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.It args
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The action argument and the log format used. E.g., for FILE actions the
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log filename, for FORW action the remote host:port. The format is one
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of; BSD, RFC5424, or RFC3164. The latter is the default except for FORW
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actions.
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.El
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.Sh SIGNALS
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.Nm
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supports the following signals:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "TERM, QUIT"
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.It HUP
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This lets
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.Nm
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perform a re-initialization. All open files are closed, the
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configuration file (see above) is reread and the
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.Xr syslog 3
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facility is started again.
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.It TERM
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This tells
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.Nm
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to exit gracefully. Flushing any log files to disk.
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.It INT, QUIT
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In debug mode these are ignored. In normal operation they act as
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SIGTERM.
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.It USR1
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In debug mode this switches debugging on/off. In normal operation
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it is ignored.
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.El
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.Pp
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For convenience the PID is by default stored in
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.Pa /var/run/syslogd.pid .
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A script can look for the existence of this file to determine if
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.Nm
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is running, and then send signals:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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kill -SIGNAL `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid`
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.Ed
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/syslog.d/50-default.conf -compact
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.It Pa /etc/syslog.conf
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@ -371,14 +469,10 @@ kernel log device
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.Xr services 5 ,
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.Xr syslog.conf 5 ,
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility first appeared in
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.Bx 4.3 .
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.Pp
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It was originally ported to Linux by
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was originally ported to Linux by
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.An Greg Wettstein Aq Mt greg@wind.enjellic.com
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and the project was renamed
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and the project was named
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.Nm sysklogd
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when a separate log daemon,
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.Nm klogd ,
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@ -394,21 +488,32 @@ with
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the project was abandoned. In 2018
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.An Joachim Nilsson Aq Mt troglobit@gmail.com
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picked up maintenance. In 2019 the project was revived with fresh DNA
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strands from both FreeBSD and NetBSD,
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strands from both
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.Fx
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and
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.Nx ,
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.Nm klogd
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was removed and the project was eventually relicensed under the 3-clause
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BSD license, like its bretheren.
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was removed and the project was eventually re-licensed under the 3-clause
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BSD license, like its brethren.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility first appeared in
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.Bx 4.3 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The ability to log messages received in UDP packets is equivalent to
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an unauthenticated remote disk-filling service,
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and should probably be disabled by default.
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Some sort of
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.No inter- Ns Nm syslogd
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authentication mechanism ought to be worked out.
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To prevent the worst abuse,
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use of the
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The ability to log messages received in UDP packets is equivalent to an
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unauthenticated remote disk-filling service, and should probably be
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disabled
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.Fl ( s )
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by default. (The shipped systemd unit file disables this by default.)
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See also
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.Sx SECURITY
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for more information on this. A future version of
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.Nm
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may include support for TLS, RFC5425, which includes authentication of
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both senders and receivers. For now there is the
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.Fl a
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option is therefore highly recommended.
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option, which is strongly recommended when operating as a remote sink.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl a
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@ -419,3 +524,12 @@ peer groups where frequent messages are being anticipated
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from should be put early into the
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.Fl a
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list.
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.Pp
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As mentioned in the
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.Sx DESCRIPTION ,
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.Nm
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transparently supports the standard C library
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.Xr syslog 3
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API. If a binary linked to the standard C libraries does not operate
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correctly, this should be reported as a bug to the
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.Lk https://github.com/troglobit/sysklogd/issues sysklogd issue tracker
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